JEE Main Important Physics formulas
ApplyAs per latest 2024 syllabus. Physics formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
The rate at which a person's velocity changes in both speed and direction over time is called acceleration. A point or object is accelerated if it moves faster or slower in a straight line. On a circle, the direction of motion is constantly changing. Even if the speed is constant, the motion is accelerated. Both effects contribute to the acceleration of all other types of motion.
Let us understand what is the meaning of acceleration with the help of some examples.
When we are on a roller coaster ride, as it starts, we experience a push backwards against our seats, and when it stops, we experience a push forward, and whenever it makes a sharp turn, we experience a push sidewards. This push experienced is all because of acceleration.
When the ride starts or stops, there is a change in its speed. And when it makes a turn, there is a change in its direction.
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Acceleration meaning is whenever a body changes its speed or direction in a motion.
Or, there will be acceleration whenever there is a change in velocity.
Acceleration Formula in General
We are familiar that velocity is a vector quantity because it is a speed with direction. The acceleration 'a' is calculated as follows:
a = Velocity Change/Time Taken
This formula indicates that the acceleration is the rate of change in velocity, or if an object's velocity changes from its initial value "u" to its final value "v," the statement can be expressed as:
(v - u)/t = a
Also read :
Physics' Acceleration Formula
Define acceleration in physics.
Acceleration in physics is well-defined as the rate at which an object's velocity changes, regardless of whether it speeds up or slows down. If it accelerates, the acceleration is positive; if it slows, the acceleration is negative. According to Newton's Second Law, it is caused by the object's net imbalanced force. Because it describes the rate of velocity change with respect to time, which is a vector quantity, acceleration is a vector quantity. The letter a stands for acceleration. It has the SI unit of m/s2 and the dimensions M0L1T-2.
If vo denotes initial velocity, vt denotes final velocity, and t denotes time taken.
Acceleration is equal to:
a=(vt-v0)/t
Instantaneous acceleration formula:
If r denotes displacement vector,
v=ⅆr/ⅆt denotes velocity
Acceleration is equal to,
a=ⅆv/ⅆt=ⅆ2r/ⅆt2
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Types of Acceleration
Uniform acceleration
Non-uniform acceleration
Define Uniform acceleration
We say an object has uniform acceleration if its speed (velocity) increases at a constant pace. That is, there is no change in the rate of acceleration.
Let us understand uniform acceleration thoroughly.
As the name implies, uniformly accelerated motion refers to an object or a body that accelerates at a consistent rate. Constant velocity does not imply constant acceleration. The definition of uniform acceleration is when a body is in motion, and the amount of variation in velocity in equal intervals of time is constant.
Example of Uniform acceleration
For an example of uniform acceleration, consider the motion of a freely falling body, where the body's acceleration is the sole acceleration attributable to gravity. When we plot velocity vs time on a graph, we get a straight line, and the entire slope equals the required acceleration. Real-life example would be when someone is parachute diving.
Define non-uniform acceleration
Non-uniform acceleration occurs when an object's velocity varies in variable amounts during equal time intervals.
The opposite of uniform acceleration is non-uniform acceleration. We know that uniform acceleration indicates that the rate of change in velocity remains constant across time. In a non-uniform acceleration, the change in velocity is not the same. The magnitude of acceleration and the direction of velocity will change over time.
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Example of non-uniform acceleration
Imagine driving a car on the road; there is a recurrent increase or decrease in the vehicle's velocity at unequal intervals of time, causing the vehicle to experience non-uniform acceleration.
When the velocity of the body increases with time, it experiences positive acceleration. It means the velocity-time graph has a positive slope.
When the velocity of a body decreases with time, it experiences negative acceleration. It means the velocity-time graph has a negative slope.
When the velocity of a body is constant, or the body is at rest, it experiences zero acceleration. It means the velocity-time graph slope is zero.
NCERT Physics Notes :
An object is said to have zero acceleration if the change in velocity is zero, i.e. the body is at rest or travelling at a uniform velocity. A parked car, for example, or a train running at a steady pace of 90 km/hr.
Instantaneous acceleration is given by
a=ⅆv/ⅆt
When moving in a circular track, your direction is constantly changing; hence, velocity changes. Therefore your motion is accelerated.
v0 = 0 (body at rest)
vt = 54 km/h = 15 m/s
a=(vt-v0)/t
a=(15-0)/5 ms^{-2}
a=3 m/second square
Acceleration Definition: Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes with respect to time.
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
Apr 27, 2022 - 12:42 p.m. IST ---STATIC
As per latest 2024 syllabus. Physics formulas, equations, & laws of class 11 & 12th chapters
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